Zimbabwe initiated the process of environmental impact assessment eia policy. The eia process involves a number of steps, some of which are listed below. To identify the principles, elements of approach and measures that are used for this purpose. In view of the colossal damage to the environment, governments and public are now concerned about the environmental impacts of developmental activities. Eia mkuze river crossing to phelendaba, south africa a relatively small eia of a proposed road development in maputaland, south africa was conducted. Eia is an integral part of the planning and decisionmaking processes. This research set out to find out how well projects are complying with the requirements of the environmental impact assessment guidelines in zimbabwe. In zimbabwe, the environmental management act chapter 20.
Eia is not meant to stifle development but to study the effects of a proposed action on the environment and to compare the various alternatives that are available. The environmental impact assessment law eia law requires that an environmental impact assessment be completed prior to project construction. Waste must be contained at the source and treated to make it. Effectiveness of environmental impact assessment followup. This section very briefly presents an overview of the stages of eia to help place them in the context of the whole process. Environmental impact assessment eia and environmental auditing ea 2. As a result, trade process becomes more representative. Challenges in implementing an integrated environmental. For example, at the local project level, they might include land or water access rights, pollution or market opportunities. For exaiiiple, after the coniniu nities protested against the project at amlwch northwest wales, shell. Eia procedure challenges for environmental impact assessment. Using a case study of 5 black granite quarry mines purposely selected to accommodate eia approval status, the study investigated. The key principles that this study considered to be imperative were. The concept of environmental impact assessment eia followup has received considerable attention in recent years.
All the key issues and potential impacts were then assessed. Environmental impact assessment eia constitutes an essential tool for. The eia process makes sure that environmental issues are raised when a project or plan is first discussed and that all concerns are addressed as a project gains momentum through to implementation. In zimbabwe, all projects listed in the first schedule of the environmental management act chapter 20. Benefits of stakeholder involvement in eia there is a growing consensus that timely and broadbased stakeholder involvement is a vital ingredient for effective environmental assessment, as it is for project planning, appraisal and development in general. Environmental impact assessment eia is a vital component has evolved as a management tool leading to sustainable development. Eia environmental impact assessment elms environment arid land management sector of sadc enda zimbabwe environment and development activities zimbabwe f anr food, agriculture and natural resources gef global environment facility nap national action programme nbsap national biodiversity strategy and action plan ngos non governmental. Environmental impact assessment system evaluation conference report, zimbabwe conference paper pdf available november 2014 with 8,368 reads how we measure reads.
Thus, to assess the environmental impacts, the mechanism of. Performing an eia is critical for a successful project and that projects are done without performing eias are destined for failure and devastation to all the people involved in the project. Environmental impact assessment and management plan. Environmental impact assessment eia in zimbabwe the chronicle.
Environmental impact assessment eia constitutes an essential tool for integrating environmental and economic considerations in the planning process. It can be described as the change in an environmental parameter, over a specific period and within a defined area, resulting from a particular activity compared with the situation which would have occurred had the activity not been initiated. Eia process in different ways and, in most cases, inputs from a broad variety of stakeholders will complement the eia process. The bill requires eias to be undertaken for prescribed activities, and specifies procedures for the administration of the eia process. No projectrelated decisions are involved in the eia as it is performed. By engaging in the impact assessment of trade process, citizens are encouraged to exercise their democratic rights.
In zimbabwe the eia process is monitored under the ministry of water, environment and climate changeunder the environmental management act cap 20. The process of environmental law reform in zimbabwe culminated in the promulgation of a new environmental management act ema in 2002. Pdf the strengths and weaknesses of environmental impact. Pdf evaluation of the effectiveness of eias in mitigating impacts of. According to the environmental impact assessment act of 1994, an eia is a planning tool used to identify, predict and assess potential impacts, negative or positive, that may arise from planned projects and come up with ways with which to minimise negative impacts and enhance positive ones. Thereafter, the eia procedures in sri lanka are outlined and the shortcomings in its implementation are evaluated. This report has shown the importance of environmental impact assessments. Pdf on nov 26, 2014, rowan machaka and others published environmental impact assessment system evaluation conference report, zimbabwe find. Eia represents a systematic process that examines the environmental consequences of the development actions, in advance. What are the important steps involved in an environmental. The eia process begins from the very start of a project. In some cases, such as smallscale irrigation schemes, the transition from identification through to detailed design may be rapid and some steps in the eia procedure may be omitted. In line with eia regulations, yalelo ltd, hereafter the developer or yalelo, has successfully submitted an environmental project brief which describes the preliminary predictions of possible impacts of a proposed project on the environment as the first stage in the environmental impact assessment process. Compliance with the requirements of the environmental impact.
Environmental assessment ea is the assessment of the environmental consequences positive negative of a plan, policy, program, or actual projects prior to the decision to move forward with the proposed action. Environmental impact assessment eia mapako pdf exeia c2 pdf factsheet 7 redd engweb pdf. These include eia as 1 a fully internalized element of the planning process, 2 a support for a position of advocacy for the environment, 3 a process of adjustment among conflicting goals, 4. To understand the role of mitigation in the eia process and its importance for impact management. Recommendations made by the eia may necessitate the redesign of some project components, require further studies, suggest changes which alter the. Environmental impact assessment eia can be defined as the systematic identification and evaluation of the potential impacts effects of proposed projects, plans, programs or legislative actions relative to the physical, chemical, biological, cultural and socioeconomic components of the total environment. The public is involved early in the process the full spectrum of opinions and values is exposed. The environmental impact assessment eia is a statutory procedure performed in order to define the environmental impacts of a project. This document is a guideline and serves as reference and supportive text to assist competent authorities and applicants during the eia process. Environment impact statement eis is the most noticeable feature of the eia process, which includes detailed technical research and this research is able to define and shows available alternatives of it.
Environmental impact assessments in developing countries. Environmental impact assessment and strategic environmental. Proceedings of the international conference on industrial. Environmental impact assessment policy guidelines, 1997. Environmental impact assessment eia in zimbabwe the. The main problems of environmental impact assessment eia. However, if a developer completely ignores this requirement and builds a project without submitting an environmental impact statement, the only penalty is that the environmental protection bureau epb. Environmental impact assessment is a tool designed to identify and predict the impact of a project on the biogeophysical environment and on mans health and wellbeing, to interpret and communicate information about the impact, to analyze site and process alternatives and provide.
Scope of the assessment the scope of an assessment should include all potential. Environmental impact assessment eia mapako pdf the. Downloads environmental management agency of zimbabwe. Tasks in an arctic eia process application of eia the decision to conduct an eia for a project should take into account the special conditions in the arctic. It is definitely a fundamental step in the life of a project.
Importance of an eia in environmental protection education. When these degree are decided, the process proceeds into the. Implementation has never been easy due to a number of competing factors. Pdf environmental impact assessment system evaluation. Environmental impact assessment eia stakeholder consultation process zimbabwe national water authority zinwa is a wholly government owned parastatal under the ministry of environment, water and climate. Environmental policy, management and ethics in zimbabwe, 2000.
An environment impact assessment is an event or effect, which results from a prior event. Environmental impact assessment and strategic environmental assessment. Environmental impact assessment eia development projects in the past were undertaken without any consideration to their environmental consequences. In eia process public participation in the industrialized countries has enriched the eia process by exerting pressure on prqject sponsorsdonors to address the negative environmental impacts of some prqjects. Environmental policy, management and ethics in zimbabwe, 20002008. Department of religious studies, classics and philosophy. Pdf compliance with the requirements of the environmental.
Another purpose of the assessment is to promote the communication to and involvement of citizens, even in the early stages of a project. Eia procedures burmese document pdf, 3449 downloads, jan 25, 2016. The major players in the administration of the eia process in zambia can be categoriesized into two namely primary and secondary stakeholders. Environmental impact assessment report structure 9. However, a number of eia practitioners have pointed out that there is lack of eia followup evidence on the effectiveness of implemented mitigation measures in practice. Compliance with the requirements of the environmental impact assessment guidelines in zimbabwe. Environmental impact assessment report for pungwe b hydroelectric electric power scheme 20 proponent nyangani renewable energy date january 20 document title environmental impact assessment report for the pungwe b hydroelectric power scheme on the pungwe river in the honde valley, north eastern zimbabwe. The myanmar environmental impact assessment procedures moecaf notification 616 of 29 december 2015 are available in burmese, with an unofficial english translation of the procedures and annex 1 in english. Realising this, the government of zimbabwe recently adopted an. Relevance mitigation is the stage of the eia process when measures are identified to avoid, minimise or remedy impacts.
In this context, the term environmental impact assessment eia is usually used when applied to actual projects by individuals or companies and the term strategic environmental. The environmental impact assessment eia process, which originated in the united states in the late 1960s and early 1970s, has been adopted extensively in the rest of the world. An environmental impact assessment, or eia, is defined by the international association for impact assessment, as the process of evaluating the potential environmental impacts of a proposed action. This typically takes place following impact identification and prediction, and recommended measures for mitigation will be an important part of the eia report. Zinwas main mandate is to ensure optimum planning, development, utilisation and management of water resources in zimbabwe in a. Environmental impact assessment procedures resources. The need for a formalized analysis process was illuminated. Figure 1 shows a general flow diagram of the eia process, how it fits in with parallel technical and economic studies and the role of public participation. May 07, 2019 environmental impact assessment eia development projects in the past were undertaken without any consideration to their environmental consequences. Ironically, in spite of the fact that ema was promulgated over seven years ago, it is yet to be fully operationalised due to problems and challenges that have been cited in this paper.
One of the key objectives of the esia is to assist in ensuring. Thus, to assess the environmental impacts, the mechanism of eia was introduced. Environmental impact assessment and stakeholder involvement by ross huges box 1. When these degree are decided, the process proceeds into the step of scoping to identify environmental factors considered. Environmental impact assessment eia a product of the environmental mainstreaming initiative. Eia improves longterm viability of many projects box 5. I would like to thank all of the environmental impact assessment eia. Openness to the public enables citizens to better assess trade process and gain a greater forum in which to present their concerns and cooperate with government. A process by which the environmental consequences of a proposed activity or project are evaluated and alternatives are analysed.
Environmental impact assessment regulations made under section 24 of the. The study was conducted in uzumba and mutoko communal areas of zimbabwe. This research set out to find out how well projects are complying with the requirements of the environmental impact assessment guideline s in zim babwe. Environmental policy, management and ethics in zimbabwe. The eia processes in zimbabwe just like in many ledc has been having its own challenges. This study examined eia followup evidence of implemented mitigation measures and their. It provides a means to identify the most environmentally suitable option at an early stage, the. In zimbabwe, the process is being conducted in line with the following legislation.
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